...of chromosomes 3124200-847217000 Cancer and carcinogens Cancer...
...Cancer and carcinogens Cancer When a mutation...
...the risk of cancer. Examples: X-Rays, Gamma...
...Alcohols Smoking and cancer Tobacco smoke contains...
...cause of lung cancer. Smokers expose themselves...
...risk of getting cancer. Non-smokers are also...

...Chapter 4: Cancer CHAPTER OVERVIEW The...
...The epidemiology of cancer is presented. Tumor...
...Risk factors for cancer are listed. The...
...and symptoms of cancer and introduced. The...
...The etiology of cancer is explained. Diagnostic...
...Diagnostic testing for cancer is presented. The...
...tumors is introduced. Cancer treatments are presented...
...Preventative measures for cancer are listed. TRANSITION...
...Risk Factors for Cancer Signs and Symptoms...
...and Symptoms of Cancer Etiology of Cancer...
...Cancer Etiology of Cancer Diagnosis of Cancer...
...Cancer Diagnosis of Cancer Blood Tests Diagnostic...
...Grading and Staging Cancer Cancer Treatment Surgery...
...and Staging Cancer Cancer Treatment Surgery Radiation...
...Hormone Therapy Immunotherapy Cancer Prevention CHAPTER OBJECTIVES...
...OBJECTIVES Define basic cancer terminology Compare benign...
...risk factors for cancer Describe the etiology...
...the etiology of cancer Describe how cancer...
...cancer Describe how cancer is diagnosed Describe...
...diagnosed Describe how cancer is treated Describe...
...treated Describe how cancer can be prevented...
...1: Define basic cancer terminology. Utilize the...
...risk factors for cancer. Utilize the PowerPoint...
...the etiology of cancer. Utilize the PowerPoint...
...6: Describe how cancer is diagnosed. Utilize...
...7: Describe how cancer is treated. Utilize...
...8: Describe how cancer can be prevented....
...feature Healthy Aging: Cancer Treatment. Review the...
...Promote Your Health: Cancer-Fighting Foods. Review the...
...Prevention PLUS!: Recommended Cancer Screenings. WORKSHEET 1:...
...Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Cancer is the _____...
...risk factor for cancer is _____. A)...
..._____ of all cancer deaths in the...
...may result in cancer. A) DNA repair...
...by _____. A) cancer cells B) neither...
...normal cells nor cancer cells C) normal...
...normal cells and cancer cells Answer: D...
...Part of a cancer diagnosis, _____ is...
...all people with cancer receive radiation therapy...
...part of their cancer treatment. A) About...
...28) _____ of cancer patients receive chemotherapy...
...True/False Questions 1) Cancer is characterized by...
...are classified as cancer are called benign....
...risk for gastric cancer. Answer: True Objective...
...increased risk of cancer: ultraviolet and ionizing...
...cells, such as cancer. Answer: True Objective...
...for development of cancer. Answer: False Objective...
...and symptoms of cancer will depend on...
...destroy mutated cells, cancer may indicate a...
...Questions 1) Abnormal cancer cells can infiltrate...
...that are not cancer are called _____...
...risk for _____ cancer. Answer: liver Objective...
...breast or _____ cancer. Answer: ovarian Objective...
...by _____ or cancer-causing agents or substances....
...done for a cancer diagnosis by taking...
...some types of cancer. Name two of...
...risk for liver cancer. Epstein-Barr virus increases...
...lymphoma and nasopharynx cancer. Human herpesvirus 8...
...risk for gastric cancer. 4. Describe some...
...and symptoms of cancer and why they...
...symptoms of metastasized cancer may appear in...
...may result from cancer cells competing for...
...result from the cancer's effect on the...
...response to the cancer. Pain: can result...
...tells whether the cancer has spread to...
...tells whether the cancer has spread to...
...initial of TNM cancer staging and identify...
...primary tumor Tis Cancer cells are only...
...called in situ cancer. T1–4 Describe the...
...do not contain cancer. N1–3 Describe the...
...are that contain cancer. M (Metastasis) MX...
...be used for cancer. Pick one of...
...Both normal and cancer cell DNA is...
...and therefore kills cancer cells and some...
...recognize and kill cancer cells. ...

...Cancer The topic of...
...The topic of cancer is relevant to...
...the topic of cancer as a hook...
...and prevention of cancer. Assign the following...
...the topic of cancer more deeply during...
...can result in cancer. • 6.12 Cancer...
...cancer. • 6.12 Cancer is caused by...
...can result in cancer, and what can...
...done to treat cancer or prevent it....
...Inc. 13 tumor, cancer, cell cycle control...
...Assignment name: Topic: Cancer—Core Content o This...
...Assignment name: Topic: Cancer—Applied Content o The...
...Treating articles in Cancer” (New York Times,...
...“In the Way Cancer Cells Work Together,...
...System for Treating Cancer Seen as Hopeful”...
...to Attack Aggressive Cancer” (New York Times,...
...• “Breaking Through Cancer’s Shield” (New York...
...Current Topics PowerPoint: Cancer o Use this...
...Fight Against Multimedia Cancer? • Video Tutor...

...can result in cancer, and what can...
...done to treat cancer or prevent it....
...Many mutagens are carcinogens—cancer-causing agents. a. Exposure...
...risk of developing cancer. i. Apply sunscreen...
...can result in cancer. • CORE IDEA:...
...• CORE IDEA: Cancer is caused by...
...to oncogenes. A. Cancer 1. Cell division...
...of control. 5. Cancer is a tumor...
...uncontrolled growth. 6.12 Cancer is caused by...
...malignant and causes cancer. There are several...
...prevent and treat cancer. A. Progression of...
...A. Progression of cancer 1. Cancer is...
...of cancer 1. Cancer is caused by...
...own cells. 2. Cancer always begins when...
...originate. a. Lung cancer starts in the...
...lung. b. A cancer may spread from...
...the spread of cancer cells from their...
...6. Types of cancer a. Benign tumor...
...Malignant tumors are cancer. iii. The spread...
...called metastasis. B. Cancer treatment 1. Surgery...
...division to kill cancer cells. b. Can...
...side effects. C. Cancer prevention 1. Some...
...that lead to cancer are inherited and...
...that lead to cancer are spontaneous and...
...Most cases of cancer are caused by...
...the development of cancer. 4. Factors to...
...to reduce your cancer risk and increase...
...can result in cancer. Cancer Oncogene Tumor...
...result in cancer. Cancer Oncogene Tumor suppressor...
...factor Tumor 6.12 Cancer is caused by...
...can result in cancer. ? Why would...
...have genes for cancer? We don’t. We...
...oncogenes), can cause cancer. Oncogenes are discovered...
...particular kind of cancer. Then we look...
...of control. 6.12 Cancer is caused by...
...great deal about cancer. Encourage them to...
...who have had cancer themselves or have...
...who has had cancer. 6.13 Genetic engineering...
...can result in cancer. ? Without books...
...suppressor gene. 6.12 Cancer is caused by...
...all types of cancer. If you miss...
...cells or the cancer has spread, it...
...to kill the cancer (the patient’s own...
...ways to prevent cancer. Be prepared for...

...scientists determine the cancer risk associated with...
...dividing without control. Cancer cells escape cell...
...are called oncogenes––or “cancer genes.” Many proto-oncogenes...
...becomes nonfunctional. For cancer to occur, both...
...can enable the cancer to spread to...
...pro- duced by cancer rob other tissues...
...of the body. Cancer-causing mutations to DNAoccur...
...also known as cancer risk factors. The...
...factors and disease. Cancer epidemiologists attempt to...
...particular form of cancer, typically by retroactively...
...that form of cancer, but also by...
...Risk Factor and Cancer Nearly 90% of...
...people who develop cancer do not have...
...especially susceptible to cancer; instead, they have...
...tal causes of cancer. Because people are...
...or ETS) and cancer and answer the...
...cause of lung cancer. Exposure to ETS...
...ETS and lung cancer risk in people...
...risk of lung cancer, especially for persons...
...representative of human cancer. BELKMC04_0131733737.QXD 3/27/06 11:50...
...Risk Factor and Cancer 43 A.Is this...
...ETS causes lung cancer in humans? Why...
...ETS and lung cancer in humans is...
...areas that causes cancer. Animal studies also...
...between ETS and cancer in humans? Is...
...increased risk of cancer in humans. Exposure...
...ETS and lung cancer is strongly supported,...
...environmental causes of cancer: 1) a new...
...the chemical causes cancer in the typical...
...it might cause cancer; 3) a new...
...Explain your answer. E.Cancer has proven to...
...many types of cancer and too many...
...can lead to cancer to develop a...
...lars of research, cancer is still one...
...into research on cancer prevention? Do you...
...or decrease your cancer risk? BELKMC04_0131733737.QXD 3/27/06...
...chromosome. 8.What is cancer? Uncontrolled growth of...

...methods for detecting cancer that has spread...
...(CT) scans find cancer of the lungs...
...risk for breast cancer, yearly MRIs and...
...bipolar disorder, and cancer. PET scans are...
...tests for breast cancer. The two techniques...
...determine whether breast cancer had spread before...
...patient with esophageal cancer to chemotherapy and...
...themselves to some cancer cells. “njected into...
...and to treat cancer. By focusing a...
...half of all cancer patients receives radiation...
...90 patients with cancer received an incorrect...
...accelerators that attack cancer cells have continued...
...several patients with cancer were burned when...
...Molecular Imaging and Cancer Medicine.” July 25,...
...25, 2009. Bentolila/2009/07/25/quantum-dots-for-molecular- imaging-and-cancer-medicine/ (accessed March 17,...
...29, 2011). “Esophageal Cancer.” 2006. Information Technology...
...High Risk of Cancer.” November 15, 2010....
...with Early-Stage Lung Cancer.” January–February Information Technology...
...Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Current Status.”...
...Downside of a Cancer Study Extolling CT...
...November 15, 2010. a-cancer-study-extolling-ct-scans/ (accessed November 16,...
...Responses in Esophageal Cancer Patients.” 2010. ancernews&DocumentID=34881...
...F., Jr. “Breast Cancer Diagnosis during Pregnancy.”...
...October 8, 2006. 6/10/breast-cancer-diagnosis-during.html (accessed April 28,...
...of Invasive Breast Cancer: Current Status and...

...can lead to cancer. Concept 18.1 Bacteria...
...and disease, including cancer. Our understanding of...
...can lead to cancer. Concept 18.3 Noncoding...
...structures. Concept 18.5 Cancer results from genetic...
...cell cycle control. Cancer is a set...
...go wrong during cancer are the very...
...can lead to cancer. The agent of...
...virus that causes cancer in chickens. Since...
...viruses that cause cancer in various animals,...
...several types of cancer, including Burkitt’s lymphoma....
...associated with cervical cancer, while the HTLV-1...
...the development of cancer. Cancer-causing genes, oncogenes,...
...development of cancer. Cancer-causing genes, oncogenes, were...
...the proto-oncogene itself. Cancer cells frequently have...
...may contribute to cancer. The normal products...
...may contribute to cancer. Some tumor-suppressor proteins...
...the accumulation of cancer-causing mutations. Other tumor-suppressor...
...cell growth and cancer. Multiple mutations underlie...
...the development of cancer. More than one...
...of a full-fledged cancer cell. If cancer...
...cancer cell. If cancer results from an...
...are to develop cancer. Colorectal cancer, with...
...develop cancer. Colorectal cancer, with 135,000 new...
...illustrates a multistep cancer path. The first...
...cell can divide. Cancer can run in...
...to produce a cancer cell helps explain...
...the predispositions to cancer that run in...
...necessary mutations for cancer to develop. Geneticists...
...to finding inherited cancer alleles so that...
...10% of breast cancer cases show an...
...inherited predisposition. Breast cancer is the second...
...common type of cancer in the United...
...breast and ovarian cancer and are found...
...stands for breast cancer. A woman who...
...of developing breast cancer before age 50...
...protect against breast cancer and because their...
...can contribute to cancer, the risk of...
...the risk of cancer can be lowered...
...the development of cancer by integrating their...

...(BIOL3020) Section 12 Cancer Chemotherapy Rang et...
...2007 (Chapter 51) Cancer pathogenesis and cancer...
...Cancer pathogenesis and cancer chemotherapy general principles...
...chemotherapy general principles Cancer cells have four...
...metastasize. How does Cancer Arise k Various...
...proto-oncogenes Overview of cancer progression Cancer Chemotherapy...
...of cancer progression Cancer Chemotherapy Most currently...
...Drugs used in Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs used...
...Drugs used in Cancer Chemotherapy Alkylating agents...
...of hormone-dependent breast cancer and may have...
...Agents Current Chemotherapy Cancer Research (Future Chemotherapy)...

...client health Prevalence Cancer ( 41.24 of...
...be diagnosed with cancer at some point...
...nonmodifiable risk factors Cancer Certain forms of...
...Certain forms of cancer have a genetic...
...risk of developing cancer Anemia ( depend...
...with history of cancer ( encourage family...
...warning signs of cancer Teach clients to...
...during treatment for cancer Children under age...
...available Exemplar 2.1 Cancer Overview Group of...
...Oncology study of cancer See FOCUS ON...
...reside To metastasize, cancer cells must escape...
...the origin of cancer include two important...
...initial step for cancer to occur Impairment...
...known to cause cancer External ( chemicals,...
...with development of cancer Viruses play a...
...predisposition Age77 of cancer diagnoses occur after...
...implicated in promoting cancer ( repeated stressors...
...Infectionviruses linked to cancer Some unavoidable Others...
...Relationship to lung cancer well known Related...
...( primary hepatocellular cancer or metastatic lesions...
...families Types of cancer pain Acute (...
...introduction to another cancer, recurrence Clients who...
...Dying client with cancer pain ( strongly...
...death Causes of cancer pain Direct tumor...
...toxic effects of cancer therapies Psychological stress...
...stress Diagnosis of cancer provokes variety of...
...Client may see cancer as death sentence...
...result from the cancer itself or as...
...and adolescents with cancer provide care for...
...a diagnosis of cancer and benefit from...
...others who have cancer to be reassuring...
...reassuring and supportive Cancer survival Treatments are...
...needs Treatment of cancer in children Surgery...
...optimal care for cancer survivors include Lack...
...recommendations by the cancer survivor Limitations to...
...be treated for cancer Most do not...
...to the fetus Cancer symptoms mimic pregnancy...
...pregnant women with cancer Certain types of...
...used to diagnose cancer X-ray imaging Computed...
...discoverer of particular cancer Hematopoietic malignancies usually...
...for screening, validating cancer diagnosis Surgery (...
...of clients with cancer received radiation therapy...
...surgery to kill cancer cells left behind...
...see ASSESSMENT INTERVIEW CANCER on p. 57...
...problems resulting from cancer Understanding of treatment...
...feelings related to cancer diagnosis, seek support...
...in clients with cancer Assess current patterns,...
...healthy body image Cancer treatments frequently result...
...caloric intake Review Cancer Relate Link the...
...Exemplar 2.3 Breast Cancer Overview Breast cancer...
...Cancer Overview Breast cancer is unregulated growth...
...STAGING OF BREAST CANCER, p. 77 Etiology...
...causes of breast cancer include Environmental factors...
...factors Two breast cancer susceptibility genes have...
...with hereditary breast cancer, with genetic mutations...
...80 of breast cancer in women Risk...
...history of breast cancer Personal history of...
...history of breast cancer Previous breast biopsy...
...development of breast cancer Limiting alcohol to...
...cannot prevent breast cancer, but it is...
...AND THERAPIES Breast Cancer, p. 81 Collaboration...
...In late metastatic cancer, chemotherapy becomes primary...
...chemotherapy has extended cancer-free survival Radiation therapy...
...to destroy remaining cancer cells May be...
...knowledge of breast cancer Encourage discussion relating...
...ADLs Review Breast Cancer Relate Link the...
...Exemplar 2.4 Colorectal Cancer Overview Colon cancer...
...Cancer Overview Colon cancer ( cancer of...
...Colon cancer ( cancer of third segment...
...include anus Colorectal cancer ( involves both...
...AND FREQUENCY OF CANCER OF THE COLON...
...SYSTEM FOR COLORECTAL CANCER, p. 86 Etiology...
...Third most common cancer diagnosed in the...
...rate for colorectal cancer Risk factors Genetic...
...risk for colorectal cancer Diet plays a...
...risk Prevention American Cancer Society recommends using...
...AND THERAPIES COLORECTAL CANCER, p. 87 Collaboration...
...therapy for colorectal cancer Combined with radiation...
...function Refer to cancer support groups, social...
...express feelings about cancer diagnosis, ostomy, effects...
...ADLs Review Colorectal Cancer Relate Link the...
...treatment of earlier cancer Malignant WBCs fill...
...benzenes Radiation, previous cancer treatment Clinical manifestations...
...bodys response to cancer cells Radiation therapy...
...bone marrow cells, cancer cells Complementary and...
...Exemplar 2.6 Lung Cancer Overview Leading cause...
...Leading cause of cancer deaths among all...
...people with lung cancer die within 1...
...COMPARISON OF LUNG CANCER CELL TYPES, p....
...p. 105 Bronchogenic cancer tends to be...
...cause of lung cancer More than 80...
...Prevention of lung cancer also includes preventing...
...EFFECTS OF LUNG CANCER, p. 106 Confusion,...
...AND THERAPIES Lung Cancer, p. 107 Collaboration...
...in treating lung cancer ( treatment based...
...location, type of cancer cell, staging of...
...SYSTEM FOR LUNG CANCER, p. 107 Diagnostic...
...cure non-small-cell lung cancer Most inoperable, partially...
...for small-cell lung cancer ( due to...
...maintain comfort For cancer pain, maintain around-the-clock...
...treatment Review Lung cancer Relate Link the...
...Exemplar 2.7 Prostate Cancer Overview Abnormal growth...
...indication of prostate cancer Prostate cancer is...
...prostate cancer Prostate cancer is curable when...
...diagnosed early Prostate cancer found on autopsy...
...Etiology Most common cancer type, second-leading cause...
...Incidence of Prostate Cancer, p. 113 Early-stage...
...to prevent prostate cancer are the topic...
...for developing prostate cancer Screening recommendations center...
...manifestations Early-stage prostate cancer is usually asymptomatic...
...AND THERAPIES PROSTATE CANCER on p. 114...
...and stage of cancer as well as...
...diagnose, stage prostate cancer and monitor response...
...Table 215 PROSTATE CANCER STAGING AND TREATMENT,...
...treat advanced prostate cancer Strategies to induce...
...OF ADVANCED PROSTATE CANCER, p. 116 Radiation...
...clients with metastatic cancer See Table 216...
...risk of prostate cancer by consuming a...
...illumination Review Prostate cancer Relate Link the...
...Exemplar 2.9 Skin Cancer Overview Skin is...
...( basal cell cancer and squamous cell...
...and squamous cell cancer Pathophysiology and etiology...
...years Nonmelanoma skin cancer Basal cell cancer...
...cancer Basal cell cancer ( epithelial tumor...
...Nodular basal cell cancer ( most common...
...Superficial basal cell cancer ( second most...
...of basal cell cancer Proliferating tissue that...
...Pigmented basal cell cancer ( found on...
...Morpheaform basal cell cancer ( rarest form...
...of basal cell cancer Finger-like projections that...
...Keratotic basal cell cancer ( found on...
...130 Squamous cell cancer ( malignant tumor...
...than basal cell cancer Arises when keratinizing...
...Recurrent squamous cell cancer can be invasive...
...factors Melanoma skin cancer Light-colored eyes, freckling,...
...immunosuppression Nonmelanoma skin cancer Environmental factors UV...
...type of skin cancer See CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS...
...AND THERAPIES Skin Cancer, pp. 132 -...
...ASSESSMENT INTERVIEW Skin Cancer, p. 135 Diagnosis...
...factors for skin cancer Risk for Infection...
...diagnosis of skin cancer Implementation Prevent infection...
...way Review Skin cancer Relate Link the...